Final Course Project
Mathematics: What's The Big Idea ?
Grades K-8
Gabriella Robinson
July 23, 2011
The handouts for this lesson are posted on classwiki45.wikispaces.com on the
professional development page.
Bunches and Bunches of Bunnies
Multiplication Squares
4th Grade
Multiplication, Square Numbers
Lesson Overview
This lesson is for fourth grade students. The students will learn basic multiplication facts and will demonstrate an understanding of multiplication. The teacher will use the story Bunches and Bunches of
Bunnies to introduce the concept of square numbers. The students will listen to Bunches and Bunches of Bunnies as a shared reading activity. The teacher will then introduce two math activities to reinforce the concept of multiplication squares.
Summary : The students will create multiplication squares to help them understand the concept of square numbers. This activity will help students to understand multiplication's relationship to repeated addition.
SC Curriculum Standards-Math
4-2 Number and Operations
4-2.3 Apply an algorithm to multiply whole numbers fluently.
- Multiplication facts to 12 (D.1)
- Choose the multiples of a given number up to 12(D.2)
- Choose numbers with a particular product (D.11)
4-3 Algebra
4-3.4 Translate among letters, symbols, and words to represent quantities in simple mathematical expressions or equations.
- Write variable equations to represent word problems (G.5 )
Bunches and Bunches of Bunnies by Louise Matthews
Grid Paper
Scissors
Paste
Crayons
Construction Paper
Square Facts Worksheet
Counters
Activity Sheet 16
Cards
Calculators
Background for Teachers
A squared number is a number that is a result of multiplying an integer by itself. Any squared number can be represented in a square array. You can write each squared number as a product using an exponent.
42 =16
Intended Learning Outcomes
- Demonstrate a positive learning attitude toward mathematics.
- Become mathematical problem solvers.
- Reason mathematically.
- Communicate mathematically.
- Make mathematical connections.
- Represent mathematic situations.
Aunty Math (Grades K-5)
Synopsis: A visit to relatives can be a great time to learn math. Aunty Math, has great math challenges for students in K-5. The students will learn the use of multiple intelligences in problem solving. Students submit their solutions to the challenges, and teachers can explore the mathematics behind the challenges.
Manipulatives- counters, multiplication squares
Modeling
Shared reading
Calculators
Shared Reading
Read the book: Bunches and Bunches of Bunnies by Louise Matthews.
Say, "Which is easier to count the bunnies in large groups, or the bunnies by twos, threes and fours? Discuss their reasoning. Ask students to predict mutiplication sentences for the different groups. Next discuss the squares of numbers. Give children counters. Reread the story, write each multiplication sentence on chart paper and ask children to model it with their counters.
Multiplication Squares
Give pairs of children, Grid Paper. Also provide the students with scissors, paste, crayons and construction paper. Ask children to color and cut out a model for each multiplication sentence( this is the chart paper that was used during the Shared Reading activity, above ). Have children paste these models on construction paper and then write a corresponding multiplication sentence beneath it. The students should be able to describe the shape of each model ( each model forms a square). Examples of the models and multiplication sentences are provided in the handouts section of the lesson plan.
Modeling Multiplication Facts
Provide students with Activity Sheet 16 to make a booklet. The students will also need scissors and paper. Each pair should be assigned a multiplication table, such as the four table. Students will write a multiplication sentence on each page of the booklet, and cut and paste carrot bunches to illustrate the sentence. The students will staple the booklets together and share them with the class. ( An example, of the booklet is included in the handouts section).
Extending the Lesson
Discuss the squares of numbers. Ask the students to fold a sheet of paper. Ask them to half the paper again. Can you fold it into half eight more times? Show the math involved.
Additional Extensions
Students can color in the square numbers on a multiplication chart. Look for patterns in the chart. ( the square numbers will form a diagonal on the chart).
Predictions
Ask the students to predict if the product of any number multiplied by itself will form a square. Ask children to choose a number between 12 and 20 and multiply the number by itself. Then make a model of it on grid paper. Discuss why these numbers are called square numbers.
Calculator
Exploring Area with the TI -10
Activity – The teacher will provide each student with 49 cards.
Ask the students " How many cards cover the desktop?"
"How might your cards be arranged to count with your TI -10 (rows and columns)?"
The following instructions are given for TI-10 calculators. However, your students may use other calculators with this activity.
Press the on button.
Press AC to clear anything previously stored.
Press clear. The screen is blank and the memory is clear.
Press Opl to begin counting.
Press + 7 because you will be counting cards by rows of seven.
Press Opl to let the TI -10 know that you are ready to count.
Press 0 to begin counting at 0.
Press Opl to continue counting.
When you have counted seven rows the TI -10 displays
42 +7
7 49
Answer: Area is 7X7=49 or 72 =49
Pass out two centimeter grid paper.
Question to ask:
What might you say about the size of the squares on the grid paper?
(Answers should suggest they are all the same size)
How might you and your partner find the number of squares to cover the desktop with grid paper?
How might the TI-10 help?
( The two centimeter grid paper and an example for this activity is included in the Handouts section of the lesson plan. In the example in the handout sections I used seven rows and seven columns. However, the number of rows in columns will vary depending on the size of the desks in your classroom.)
Homework and Family Connections
After completing several activities in class, ask the students to complete the Square Facts sheet at home. Ask the students to have a family member complete the game with them. The family member can sign the activity sheet to indicate that they have worked together to enhance their mathematical understanding.
( The Square Facts sheet is included in the Handouts section of the lesson plan)
Encourage students to play any of the mathematics related board games at home to reinforce their math skills: Dominoes, Connect 4, Rummikub, Triple Yahtzee, Yahtzee, Backgammon, Chinese Checkers, Tower of Brahams, UNO.
Assessment Plan:
Journal Activity : Have students explain what square numbers are. Use pictures, words and numbers to explain what 52 is.
Differentiated Instruction
For Auditory and Kinesthetic Learners: Use a multiplication rap such as Hap Palmers' Multiplication Rap to reinforce multiplication facts. Students can listen to these raps at a learning center and learn the facts.
For Visual Learners: Students can complete math activities at file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Gabriella%20Robinson/My%20Documents/www.funbrain.com or mathworld/wolfram.com in the classroom computer center.
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